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Can an individual put a lien on a car?

I loaned money out to the person who bought my car. To be sure I get my money back, can I put a lien on a car?

avatar
Christelle Agustin · Updated on
Reviewed by Shannon Martin, Licensed Insurance Agent.
It depends. An individual can put a lien on a car only if they receive court-approved judgment or if they are a mechanic.
A lien is a claim placed on property—in this case, your car—to ensure a debt is satisfied. If the debt is not paid off, you can repossess your car from the buyer. In general, banks, junkyards, and larger organizations place liens on vehicles. However, individuals like mechanics are able to put a lien on a car to ensure the work they perform is compensated.
The only other way an individual can file a judgment lien is by winning a court case against a debtor who has failed to pay them. This means you will have to sue your debtor in court. The court will then order your debtor to pay off the amount they owe as well as additional interest and court fees. This also grants you the legal right to repossess your vehicle if the debtor fails to pay.
However, remember that every state has different laws and procedures when it comes to getting a judgment lien. In some states, liens have time limits. In
Texas
 liens last 10 years, while
Florida
 upholds them for only five years. Whichever state you live in, be sure to know the laws for liens!
MORE: How to negotiate with a car salesperson
Selling a CarCar LoansCar Liens
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