What is a vacuum pump?
A vacuum pump is a device found in vehicles with direct injection, turbocharged, or diesel engines that creates the vacuum necessary to power other systems in your car—such as the brakes, heating and air conditioning, and exhaust.
Gasoline engines naturally create vacuums simply by operating—but sometimes, the vacuum isn’t strong enough to power all the vacuum-dependent systems in your engine. And some engines—like diesel—don’t create vacuums when operating. That’s where the vacuum pump comes in.
How do I know if my vacuum pump is damaged?
Since your vacuum pump is an electrical component of your engine, it could break either electrically or mechanically. These are some common signs of a faulty or failing vacuum pump:
You hear a hissing sound
when you use the brakes: This alarming noise sounds like a loss of suction, similar to when your household vacuum loses power. It can mean that the vacuum pump is leaking or failing causing air to get pulled through the intake gasket or vacuum hoses.The brakes are hard to operate: Without enough of a vacuum, your vehicle doesn’t have the power it needs for the brakes to work correctly. For instance, you might have to pump on the brakes to stop your car, or you may notice a delay in braking. Eventually, your brakes will stop working entirely, so this is a huge warning sign.
The heating and air conditioning systems don’t work: The climate control systems in your car can’t function without adequate power, so an AC on the fritz can mean that your vacuum pump is going out.
Oil leaks from underneath your car: Oil leaks are never a good sign, in this instance, they can mean a mechanical vacuum pump failure. If oil is leaking, the pump won’t be able to operate smoothly.
The car loses fuel efficiency: If a vacuum pump is leaking, possibly because vacuum hoses break, the exhaust won’t leave the engine, so burnt fuel accumulates, and the new fuel doesn’t burn as efficiently.
How often should I replace the vacuum pump?
The vacuum pump isn’t designed to be replaced or even serviced. It should last the life of the vehicle, which is why it’s so important to get a vacuum pump inspection if you notice signs of a problem.
How do I repair the vacuum pump?
Experts recommend that you hire a professional anytime your brake system needs repair services. The stakes are just too high for DIY! Plus, the mechanic has all the tools they need to make the repairs. In addition to a new vacuum pump, they’ll use a Torx screwdriver set, impact driver, and engine oil.