Lithium-ion batteries, more commonly used in electric cars, are a bit safer than lead-acid batteries, lasting closer to 10-20 years and containing less toxic materials. The U.S. has not mandated the recycling of these batteries, though, which could skew the effects they have on the environment later.
Thankfully, recycling lithium-ion batteries is becoming more popular. The process extracts the metals used in the batteries—copper, cobalt, nickel, and lithium—and sends them back to be used in new batteries.
Though the sustainability of car batteries still presents a challenge, people are working to make these batteries environmentally friendly.